Ukucaciswa Kabusha Okunembile: Indima Yobuchwepheshe Be-Laser Ekuziphatheni Kwanamuhla Kwe-ENT

Ama-laser ashintshe kakhulu insimu ye-Otolaryngology—Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Lokho okwakubhekwa njengephupho "lokuhamba ngezinkanyezi" manje sekuyinto ebalulekile emakamelweni okuhlinzwa, okunikeza izinga lokunemba elingenakuqhathaniswa. Nasi umbono ophelele wokuthi ubuchwepheshe be-laser buyiguqula kanjani indlela yokwelashwa kwe-ENT.

Isimiso Sokwelapha

Amandla okwelapha ama-laser ku-ENTkusekelwe esimisweni se-selective photothermolysis kanye ne-vaporization.

Ngokungafani nezinsimbi zensimbi ezibandayo zendabuko ezithembele ekusikeni komshini, ama-laser aletha ukukhanya okugxilile kubude be-wavelength ethile. Lapho lokhu kukhanya kuhlangana nezicubu, kumuncwa ama-molecule amanzi noma i-hemoglobin. Lokhu kumuncwa kudala ukushisa okukhulu, okubangela ukuthi amaseli aqondiwe aqhekeke noma ajiye ngokushesha.

I-CO₂ Laser: Indinganiso yegolide yokuhlinzwa kwe-laryngeal. Imuncwa kakhulu ngamanzi, ihlinzeka ngokusika okunembile ngokusabalala okuncane kokushisa.

Ama-Diode Lasers: Lawa avame ukusetshenziswa ngemicu eguquguqukayo, okuvumela izinqubo "ezisebenza ehhovisi". Ahlose i-hemoglobin, okwenza abe ngcono kakhulu ezilonda zemithambo yegazi (njenge-vocal cord polyps noma i-telangiectasasia).

Izinzuzo Zokwelashwa

Ama-laser anikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile kunokuhlinzwa kwendabuko:

I-Hemostasis (Insimu Engenagazi): I-laser ivala imithambo yegazi kanye ne-lymphatic njengoba isika. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekhanda nasentanyeni, lapho izinhlaka zomzimba ziqinile futhi ukubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukunemba:Ivumela odokotela abahlinzayo ukususa izilonda ngokunemba kwezinga le-micron, okugcinaezizungezile izicubu ezinempilo—isici esibalulekile ekulondolozweni kwezwi nokugwinya.

Indlela Yokuthi Akuthintwa:Ezimweni ezithile (njenge-regular respiratory papillomatosis), i-laser ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuthinta izicubu ngokomzimba, okunciphisa ukulimala komshini.

Kungenzeka ukuthi isiguli singalaliswa esibhedlela:Ama-laser asekelwe ku-fiber (KTP/Diode) anamuhla avumela izinqubo zasehhovisi ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo, egwema izingozi nezindleko ze-anesthesia ejwayelekile.

Izinkomba Eziyinhloko (Izimo Eziyinhloko Zokwelashwa)

Ubuchwepheshe be-laser busetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezikhethekile ze-ENT:

I-Laryngology (Izwi Nomoya):

Izilonda ezigoqekayo zezwi ezingatheni (ama-polyps, amaqhubu, i-Reinke's edema).

Umdlavuza we-laryngeal (i-T1/T2 glottic carcinoma yesigaba sokuqala).

I-Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP).

Ukukhubazeka kwezwi okugoqekayo okubili (i-arytenoidectomy/cordotomy).

I-Otology (Indlebe):

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-stapedotomy kwe-otosclerosis (kusetshenziswa i-CO₂ noma i-Erbium laser ukudala i-fenestra enembile ku-stapes footplate ngaphandle kokulimala komshini).

Ukususwa kwe-cholesteatoma kanye nezimila zemithambo yegazi yendlebe ephakathi.

I-Rhinology (Impumulo kanye neSinus):

Ukwelashwa kwe-telangiectasia ebangelwa ukopha okuzuzwe njengefa (Osler-Weber-Rendu).

Ukunciphisa i-turbinate ngenxa yokuvaleka kwekhala okungapheli.

Ikhanda Nentamo:

I-leukoplakia yomlomo kanye ne-dysplasia.

I-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (Uvulopalatoplasty esekelwa yi-Laser – LAUP).

Isiphetho

Ubuchwepheshe be-laser ku-ENTakuyona nje ithuluzi; kuyisandiso sezandla zikadokotela ohlinzayo. Ngokuhlanganisa ukubona ngeso lengqondo okuncane kanye nefiziksi yokukhanya, manje sesingalapha izifo ezisukela kumdlavuza we-glottic wokuqala kuya ku-obstructive sleep apnea ngokuphepha okukhulu, ukunemba, kanye nezikhathi zokululama okusheshayo kunanini ngaphambili.